Ethical Theories of Human Behaviour

Question: Discuss about the Ethical Theories of Human Behaviour. Answer: Introduction: People developed ethics based on the reflection they get on the purpose and consequences of their acts. The theories of conscience have been developed identifying the reflection on human behaviour nature, leading to the path of ethical thinking. It comprises of theories like virtue ethics, utilitarianism, and Contract theory. Virtue ethics takes care of living life ethically, doing right things and illustrating virtues of courage. Utilitarianism takes care of the level of happiness and suffering demonstrated by a persons actions, where maximising happiness holds the key. Contract theory is based on peoples agreements in accordance to ethics. Doing right things is according to the agreement among the members of a sensible society. Critical Evaluation: This article takes into account the reality of financial institutions in the city of London who depicts themselves as good Samaritans of the world, contributing to the well being of planet earth, but bankrolling enormous development in industries indulged in emission of carbon. This article takes into consideration the ethical theory of Utilitarianism which is based on the principle that an action should be undertaken which provides greatest happiness to a larger section of people or utility of such an action (Playford, Roberts and Playford 2015). The financial institutions might be the few organizations that would be benefited with such kind of investments but the people at large would suffer, having drastic implications in their livelihoods, health and environment. To earn a few more pounds, these institutions are putting the lives of millions into danger, so there is every need to follow the money that is being channelized through the city across the globe (Braswell, McCarthy and McCarthy 2014), so that millions do not suffer in the hands of few. Carbon footprint is not as small as youthink This article takes into account the various claims made by the Government of UK that its climate policies have been triumphant in controlling and reducing emissions of carbon, though certain research letters depicts a different picture. The theory of relativism comes into the picture where ethical truths and facts depend on the individuals and clusters holding them (Velleman 2013). The government illustrates its results in a way that shows things are under control, hiding the scratchy feature of global based economy: carbon leakage. The article takes into account the tale of two accounting based formulations; one being the production based and the other consumption based. The government takes in the production based which helps it to formulate and set up a result that states that the carbon emission is under check, whereas others countering Government takes into account the consumption based process, depicting different results (Levy 2014). They use these procedures according to their benefits, holding onto the truths associated with them. Conclusion: Being ethical does not need to coincide and do everything that the society accepts. People have the notion of equating ethics with their feelings. Ethics can be concluded as comprising of two things; first that ethics refers to standards of right that are well-founded in terms of rights, benefits to society and obligations. Secondly, the improvement and study of ones ethical standards along with studying ones own moral belief and conduct. Reference: Braswell, M.C., McCarthy, B.R. and McCarthy, B.J., 2014.Justice, crime, and ethics. Routledge. Levy, N., 2014.Moral relativism: A short introduction. Oneworld Publications. Playford, R.C., Roberts, T. and Playford, E.D., 2015. Deontological and utilitarian ethics: a brief introduction in the context of disorders of consciousness.Disability and rehabilitation,37(21), pp.2006-2011. The Conversation. (2016).Carbon footprint is not as small as you think. [online] Available at: https://theconversation.com/carbon-footprint-is-not-as-small-as-you-think-18216 [Accessed 25 Dec. 2016]. The Conversation. (2016).In the City of London the talk is green, but follow the money. https://theconversation.com/in-the-city-of-london-the-talk-is-green-but-follow-the-money-18435 [Accessed 25 Dec. 2016]. Velleman, J.D., 2013. Foundations for moral relativism.